1. Answer the following questions briefly.
(a) What is the true shape of the earth?
Answer– The earth is not a sphere. It is slightly flattened at the North and South Poles and bulges in the middle.
(b) What is a Globe?
Answer– Globe is a true miniature model of the earth where countries, continents, and oceans are shown in their correct size.
(c) What is the latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer?
Answer– The latitudinal value of the Tropic of Cancer is 23.5° north, where the sun is directly overhead at noon on June 21.
(d) What are the three heat zones of the Earth?
Answer– The three heat zones of the earth are-
(1) Torrid Zone- This zone receives the maximum heat.
(2) Temperate zones- these zones receive moderate heat.
(3) Frigid zones- these zones are very cold.
(e) What are parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude?
Answer– All parallel circles from the equator up to the poles are called parallels of latitudes and The line of reference running from the North Pole to the South Pole is called Meridians of Longitude.
(f) Why does the torrid zone receive the maximum amount of heat?
Answer– Because the Torrid zone lies between the Tropic of cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn where the mid-day sun is exactly overhead at least once a year on all latitudes between this zone hence this zone receives the maximum amount of heat.
(g) Why is it 5.30 p.m. in India and 12.00 noon in London?
Answer– In London, the Greenwich Mean Time is followed. The Indian Standard Time is 5.30 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. That is why, when it is 12 noon in London, it is 5.30 p.m. in India.
2. Tick the correct answer.
(a) The value of the prime meridian is
(i) 90° (ii) 0° (iii) 60°
Answer: (ii) 0°
(b) The frigid zone lies near
(i) the Poles (ii) the Equator (iii) the Tropic of Cancer
Answer: (i) the Poles
(c) The total number of longitudes are
(i) 360 (ii) 180 (iii) 90
Answer: (i) 360
(d) The Antarctic circle is located in
(i) the Northern hemisphere
(ii) the Southern hemisphere
(iii) the Eastern hemisphere
Answer: (ii) the Southern hemisphere
(e) Grid is a network of
(i) parallels of latitudes and meridians of longitudes
(ii) the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
(iii) the North Pole and the South Pole
Answer: (i) parallels of latitudes and meridians of longitudes
3. Fill in the blanks:
(a) The Tropic of Capricorn is located at _____________ .
Answer: The Tropic of Capricorn is located at 23.5° South.
(b) The Standard Meridian of India is____________.
Answer: The Standard Meridian of India is 82.5° East.
(c) The 0° Meridian is also known as _____________.
Answer: The 0° Meridian is also known as a Prime Meridian.
(d) The distance between the longitudes decreases towards _____________.
Answer: The distance between the longitudes decreases towards Poles.
(e) The Arctic Circle is located in the ___________ hemisphere.
Answer: The Arctic Circle is located in the northern hemisphere.
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